Perro comió anticongelante: Qué hacer inmediatamente
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Qué hacer ahora mismo
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EMERGENCY VET NOW
Go to the nearest emergency vet immediately. Call ASPCA Poison Control at (888) 426-4435 en route. Every minute counts.
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Do NOT Wait for Symptoms
By the time symptoms appear, kidney damage may be irreversible. The antidote must be given within 8-12 hours to be effective.
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Bring the Container
Take the antifreeze container to the vet. This confirms the active ingredient (ethylene glycol) and concentration.
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Treatment Window is Critical
Your vet will administer fomepizole (4-MP) or ethanol IV to block metabolism. After 12 hours, treatment is much less effective.
La ciencia detrás de esto
El etilenglicol en sí no es tóxico — son los metabolitos producidos por el hígado los que causan daño. La alcohol deshidrogenasa convierte el etilenglicol en glioxaldehído, luego ácido glicólico, luego ácido oxálico. El ácido oxálico se une con el calcio para formar cristales de oxalato de calcio que destruyen el tejido renal. Este proceso causa acidosis metabólica e insuficiencia renal aguda en 12-36 horas. El antídoto funciona bloqueando la alcohol deshidrogenasa, impidiendo la formación de metabolitos tóxicos (ASPCA, 2023).
Preguntas frecuentes
How much antifreeze is lethal to dogs?
As little as 1 teaspoon (5ml) of antifreeze can kill a 10lb (4.5kg) dog. The lethal dose of ethylene glycol is approximately 4.4ml per kg of body weight. This makes antifreeze one of the most dangerous household toxins for pets.
How fast does antifreeze kill dogs?
Without treatment, antifreeze is fatal within 12-36 hours. The antidote (fomepizole or ethanol) must be administered within 8-12 hours of ingestion to be effective. After kidney failure begins, survival rates drop dramatically.
What are the symptoms of antifreeze poisoning?
Stage 1 (30 min-12 hrs): drunken behavior, vomiting, seizures. Stage 2 (12-24 hrs): apparent improvement (misleading). Stage 3 (24-72 hrs): kidney failure, severe lethargy, mouth ulcers, coma. Early treatment is critical.